California Case Summaries

4th District Court of Appeal

Constitutional Law, Criminal Law

People v. Zapata — Confession to Undercover ‘Perkins’ Operatives Inadmissible When Suspect Had Invoked Right to Counsel

Fourth District reverses a second-degree-murder conviction, holding that statements obtained from a defendant during an undercover Perkins operation were inadmissible under Miranda because the suspect had invoked his right to counsel and a known law-enforcement officer continued to ‘stimulate’ the operation in a manner that amounted to custodial interrogation.

Business Transactions, Litigation

Grant v. Chapman University — University Statements About On-Campus Education Are Not Specific Enough to Form an Implied Promise of In-Person Instruction

Fourth District affirms summary judgment for Chapman University in a COVID-19 tuition-refund case, holding that the university’s general descriptions of campus facilities and ‘face-to-face’ contact were not specific enough to form an enforceable implied promise of in-person education.

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