California Case Summaries

Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals

Constitutional Law, Litigation

Hogan v. Bean — Ninth Circuit denies en banc rehearing in death-penalty habeas case, leaving in place panel’s broad reading of Martinez v. Ryan despite forceful nine-judge dissent

The Ninth Circuit denies en banc rehearing in a Nevada death-penalty habeas case, leaving in place a panel decision allowing the petitioner to invoke Martinez v. Ryan to revive long-defaulted trial-ineffective-assistance claims, over a forceful dissent from nine judges.

Constitutional Law, Immigration

Sanchez Gonzalez v. U.S. Department of State — Ninth Circuit affirms visa denial of California spouse, holding that even after Muñoz a U.S. citizen’s First Amendment right to hear a noncitizen still triggers limited Mandel review

The Ninth Circuit affirms the denial of a Mexican spouse’s visa application, holding that after Department of State v. Muñoz a U.S. citizen spouse can still invoke the Mandel exception based on her First Amendment right to receive information, but that the consular officer’s reason-to-believe determination provides a facially legitimate and bona fide basis for denial.

Constitutional Law, Litigation

Scott v. Broomfield — Ninth Circuit reverses habeas relief in California death-penalty case, holding the state court reasonably rejected the ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claims under AEDPA’s deferential standard

The Ninth Circuit reverses a federal habeas grant in a California death-penalty case, holding that under AEDPA’s doubly deferential standard the California Supreme Court reasonably rejected the petitioner’s ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claims, including those based on cumulative prejudice.

Constitutional Law, Litigation

Public Interest Legal Foundation v. Nago — Ninth Circuit holds the NVRA’s public inspection provision does not require states to disclose statewide voter lists, only records of voter list maintenance activities

The Ninth Circuit holds that the NVRA’s public inspection provision requires states to disclose records about their voter list maintenance activities but not the underlying statewide voter rolls themselves, affirming dismissal of an election-integrity nonprofit’s NVRA suit against Hawaii.

Constitutional Law, Intellectual Property

Doe 1 v. Meta Platforms — Ninth Circuit holds Section 230 bars Rohingya plaintiffs’ claims that Facebook incited Myanmar violence, with two judges urging the court to reconsider the breadth of platform immunity

The Ninth Circuit affirms dismissal of Rohingya plaintiffs’ claims that Facebook’s design enabled the spread of anti-Rohingya content in Myanmar, holding that Section 230 immunity bars the suit, with three judges concurring to urge en banc reconsideration of the court’s Section 230 doctrine.

Constitutional Law, Immigration

Hanan v. USCIS — Ninth Circuit holds the marriage fraud bar applies even when the noncitizen never applied for benefits based on the sham marriage, and that USCIS need not produce the ex-spouse for cross-examination

The Ninth Circuit affirms denial of an I-130 spousal petition under the marriage fraud bar, holding that the bar applies to attempts to enter sham marriages even without follow-on benefits applications and that USCIS need not produce the ex-spouse for cross-examination.

Constitutional Law, Litigation

Reach Community Development v. USDHS — Ninth Circuit stays Portland injunction barring tear gas at ICE protests, holding bystanders likely have no substantive-due-process right against incidental chemical exposure

The Ninth Circuit stays a Portland district court injunction barring federal officers from using tear gas to disperse demonstrators outside an ICE facility, holding that nearby apartment residents likely have no substantive-due-process right to be free from incidental chemical exposure.

Constitutional Law, Litigation

Dickinson v. Trump — Ninth Circuit stays Portland injunction restricting federal crowd-control tactics, faulting overbroad class relief and uniform-redesign order in protest-retaliation case

The Ninth Circuit stays a sweeping district court injunction that had restricted federal officers’ use of non-lethal crowd-control munitions and ordered ICE agent uniforms redesigned, holding the underlying First Amendment retaliation theory unlikely to succeed and the relief overbroad and improperly class-wide.

Business Transactions, Environmental Law

County of San Bernardino v. Insurance Company of the State of Pennsylvania — Ninth Circuit holds policy’s aggregate limit does not apply to property damage, restoring per-occurrence coverage for Chino Airport environmental cleanup

The Ninth Circuit reverses the dismissal of the County of San Bernardino’s coverage suit against ICSOP for cleanup costs at the Chino Airport, holding that the policies’ aggregate limits provision is ambiguous and does not cap property-damage coverage.

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